안녕하세요, 강의를 꾸준히 따라가면서 듣고 있는데, 공식문서가 너무 많이 바뀌어서 코드를 따라가기가 어려운 것 같아요 ㅠㅠ 혹시 강의의 내용에 따라 따라갈 수 있는 바뀐 공식문서의 링크를 좀 알 수 있을까요? https://www.langchain.com 의 Learn - [How to] - [Document]에 들어간 후, 어디서부터 따라가야 강의의 내용을 보충할 수 있을까요?
토큰 사용량에 관한 질문은 아닙니다. 외부 api 를 통해 llm(chagpt) 은 입력된 질의를 바탕으로 답변을 생성하기 위해 트랜스포머 등 등 제가 잘 모르는 복잡한 딥러닝 구조를 통해 계산을 할 것입니다. 이 과정에서 한글을 입력할때와 영어를 입력할때 최초로 입력되는 프롬프트의 퀄리티가 결과물이나 llm의 계산 과정에서 영향을 주는지 궁금합니다. 예를들어 프롬프트를 한글, 존댓말로 작성하면 chatgpt는 이것을 이해하기 위해, 그 회사의 자체적인 한글용 벡터 임베딩을 통해 의미를 이해한다면, llm 이 계산을 하기 위한 재료로써 활용될 단어들은 영어보다 연관성이나 맥락이 떨어질 것이라는 생각이 듭니다. 그러면 상대적으로 이해도나 결과물의 퀄리티도 떨어지지 않을라는 의문이 듭니다. 그렇다면 한글로 작성한 프롬프트를 먼저 영어로 번역한 다음에 이해해라 라고 한줄 추가하면 어떻게 되나요? 유의미한 변화가 있는건지, 지금 제가하는 생각이 애초에 타당한 생각인지 궁금합니다.
안녕하세요, 좋은 강의 감사합니다. 비전공 대학생이지만 덕택에 잘 듣고 있습니다 다름이 아니라, Google AI studio에 결제해놓은 크레딧이 있어서 openai가 아닌 gemini api 로 설정해두었는데요. 이럴 때는 시스템 모델 설정을 할 때에 어떤 수준으로 해두면 되는지 여쭙고 싶습니다. 알려주신대로 openai로 하면 좋겠지만 아직 돈이 넉넉치 않은 대학생이다 보니 gemini api로 해도 가능하다면 비용을 절감하고 싶어서요. 읽어주셔서 감사합니다. 답변 기다리겠습니다.
OpenAI를 활용한 나만의 AI 에이전트 만들기 (Agent Builder, GPT-5, Chatkit, Cloudflare, MCP, Fine Tuning, CoT 등)
다른 수강자 답변으로 달아주신 내용으로 진행해도 빌드에러가 나네요,, 에러는 다음과 같습니다. 2026-07-23T11:18:49.730273Z Cloning repository... 2026-07-23T11:18:50.368416Z From https://github.com/ykcho-sys/openai-chatkit-starter-app 2026-07-23T11:18:50.36871Z * branch ff735b20c151ce66bdc2847a8050d807483a8b82 -> FETCH_HEAD 2026-07-23T11:18:50.368796Z 2026-07-23T11:18:50.386756Z HEAD is now at ff735b2 Add files via upload 2026-07-23T11:18:50.386975Z 2026-07-23T11:18:50.430186Z 2026-07-23T11:18:50.430517Z Using v2 root directory strategy 2026-07-23T11:18:50.442575Z Success: Finished cloning repository files 2026-07-23T11:18:52.037942Z Checking for configuration in a Wrangler configuration file (BETA) 2026-07-23T11:18:52.038327Z 2026-07-23T11:18:52.174064Z No Wrangler configuration file found. Continuing. 2026-07-23T11:18:52.43705Z Detected the following tools from environment: nodejs@22.22.0, npm@10.9.2 2026-07-23T11:18:52.437473Z Installing nodejs 22.22.0 2026-07-23T11:18:53.206123Z Trying to update node-build... ok 2026-07-23T11:18:53.257603Z To follow progress, use 'tail -f /tmp/node-build.20260723111853.799.log' or pass --verbose 2026-07-23T11:18:53.299865Z Downloading node-v22.22.0-linux-x64.tar.gz... 2026-07-23T11:18:53.425752Z -> https://nodejs.org/dist/v22.22.0/node-v22.22.0-linux-x64.tar.gz 2026-07-23T11:18:56.367721Z 2026-07-23T11:18:56.368031Z WARNING: node-v22.22.0-linux-x64 is in LTS Maintenance mode and nearing its end of life. 2026-07-23T11:18:56.368121Z It only receives critical security updates, critical bug fixes and documentation updates. 2026-07-23T11:18:56.368191Z 2026-07-23T11:18:56.368268Z Installing node-v22.22.0-linux-x64... 2026-07-23T11:18:56.803215Z Installed node-v22.22.0-linux-x64 to /opt/buildhome/.asdf/installs/nodejs/22.22.0 2026-07-23T11:18:56.803575Z 2026-07-23T11:18:57.426449Z Installing project dependencies: npm clean-install --progress=false 2026-07-23T11:19:13.796845Z 2026-07-23T11:19:13.797222Z added 341 packages, and audited 342 packages in 16s 2026-07-23T11:19:13.797336Z 2026-07-23T11:19:13.797641Z 139 packages are looking for funding 2026-07-23T11:19:13.797826Z run npm fund for details 2026-07-23T11:19:13.955605Z 2026-07-23T11:19:13.956084Z 10 vulnerabilities (2 moderate, 6 high, 2 critical) 2026-07-23T11:19:13.956195Z 2026-07-23T11:19:13.956243Z To address all issues, run: 2026-07-23T11:19:13.95629Z npm audit fix 2026-07-23T11:19:13.956349Z 2026-07-23T11:19:13.956391Z Run npm audit for details. 2026-07-23T11:19:14.030591Z Executing user command: npx @cloudflare/next-on-pages@1 2026-07-23T11:19:14.711456Z npm warn exec The following package was not found and will be installed: @cloudflare/next-on-pages@1.13.16 2026-07-23T11:19:17.079863Z npm error code ERESOLVE 2026-07-23T11:19:17.080221Z npm error ERESOLVE unable to resolve dependency tree 2026-07-23T11:19:17.080302Z npm error 2026-07-23T11:19:17.08036Z npm error While resolving: undefined@undefined 2026-07-23T11:19:17.081724Z npm error Found: @cloudflare/workers-types@4.20260702.1 2026-07-23T11:19:17.081835Z npm error node_modules/@cloudflare/workers-types 2026-07-23T11:19:17.081892Z npm error peerOptional @cloudflare/workers-types@"^4.20240208.0" from @cloudflare/next-on-pages@1.13.16 2026-07-23T11:19:17.082Z npm error node_modules/@cloudflare/next-on-pages 2026-07-23T11:19:17.082047Z npm error @cloudflare/next-on-pages@"1.13.16" from the root project 2026-07-23T11:19:17.082085Z npm error 2026-07-23T11:19:17.08212Z npm error Could not resolve dependency: 2026-07-23T11:19:17.082171Z npm error peerOptional @cloudflare/workers-types@"^5.20260721.1" from wrangler@4.113.0 2026-07-23T11:19:17.082214Z npm error node_modules/wrangler 2026-07-23T11:19:17.082246Z npm error peer wrangler@"^3.28.2 || ^4.0.0" from @cloudflare/next-on-pages@1.13.16 2026-07-23T11:19:17.082318Z npm error node_modules/@cloudflare/next-on-pages 2026-07-23T11:19:17.082381Z npm error @cloudflare/next-on-pages@"1.13.16" from the root project 2026-07-23T11:19:17.082416Z npm error 2026-07-23T11:19:17.082454Z npm error Fix the upstream dependency conflict, or retry 2026-07-23T11:19:17.082493Z npm error this command with --force or --legacy-peer-deps 2026-07-23T11:19:17.082535Z npm error to accept an incorrect (and potentially broken) dependency resolution. 2026-07-23T11:19:17.082567Z npm error 2026-07-23T11:19:17.082597Z npm error 2026-07-23T11:19:17.082639Z npm error For a full report see: 2026-07-23T11:19:17.082705Z npm error /opt/buildhome/.npm/_logs/2026-07-23T11_19_14_182Z-eresolve-report.txt 2026-07-23T11:19:17.082791Z npm error A complete log of this run can be found in: /opt/buildhome/.npm/_logs/2026-07-23T11_19_14_182Z-debug-0.log 2026-07-23T11:19:17.106609Z Failed: Error while executing user command. Exited with error code: 1 2026-07-23T11:19:17.112055Z Failed: build command exited with code: 1 2026-07-23T11:19:17.646247Z Failed: error occurred while running build command
안녕하세요. 001강과 마찬가지로 002강에서도 Gradio 실행 시 에러 뜹니다.. 어떻게 해결해야할까요? ERROR: Exception in ASGI application Traceback (most recent call last): File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/uvicorn/protocols/http/httptools_ impl.py ", line 422, in run_asgi result = await app( # type: ignore[func-returns-value] ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/uvicorn/middleware/proxy_ headers.py ", line 63, in call return await self.app (scope, receive, send) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/fastapi/ applications.py ", line 1163, in call await super().__call__(scope, receive, send) File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/starlette/ applications.py ", line 90, in call await self.middleware_stack(scope, receive, send) File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/starlette/middleware/ errors.py ", line 186, in call raise exc File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/starlette/middleware/ errors.py ", line 164, in call await self.app (scope, receive, send) File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/gradio/route_ utils.py ", line 761, in call await self.app (scope, receive, send) File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/starlette/middleware/ exceptions.py ", line 63, in call await wrap_app_handling_exceptions( self.app , conn)(scope, receive, send) File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/starlette/_exception_ handler.py ", line 53, in wrapped_app raise exc File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/starlette/_exception_ handler.py ", line 42, in wrapped_app await app(scope, receive, sender) File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/fastapi/middleware/ asyncexitstack.py ", line 18, in call ... File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/jinja2/ utils.py ", line 515, in getitem rv = self._mapping[key] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^ TypeError: unhashable type: 'dict' Output is truncated. View as a scrollable element or open in a text editor. Adjust cell output settings... Running on local URL: http://127.0.0.1:7862 ERROR: Exception in ASGI application Traceback (most recent call last): File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/uvicorn/protocols/http/httptools_ impl.py ", line 422, in run_asgi result = await app( # type: ignore[func-returns-value] ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/uvicorn/middleware/proxy_ headers.py ", line 63, in call return await self.app (scope, receive, send) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/fastapi/ applications.py ", line 1163, in call await super().__call__(scope, receive, send) File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/starlette/ applications.py ", line 90, in call await self.middleware_stack(scope, receive, send) File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/starlette/middleware/ errors.py ", line 186, in call raise exc File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/starlette/middleware/ errors.py ", line 164, in call await self.app (scope, receive, send) File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/gradio/route_ utils.py ", line 761, in call await self.app (scope, receive, send) File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/starlette/middleware/ exceptions.py ", line 63, in call await wrap_app_handling_exceptions( self.app , conn)(scope, receive, send) File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/starlette/_exception_ handler.py ", line 53, in wrapped_app raise exc File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/starlette/_exception_ handler.py ", line 42, in wrapped_app await app(scope, receive, sender) File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/fastapi/middleware/ asyncexitstack.py ", line 18, in call ... File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/jinja2/ utils.py ", line 515, in getitem rv = self._mapping[key] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^ TypeError: unhashable type: 'dict' Output is truncated. View as a scrollable element or open in a text editor. Adjust cell output settings...
안녕하세요, 강의 내용대로 Gradio를 이용하여 인터페이스를 실행하려는데 아래와 같이 ASGI application 에러가 발생하며 서버가 정상 동작하지 않습니다. 어떡해야할까요? ERROR: Exception in ASGI application Traceback (most recent call last): File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/uvicorn/protocols/http/httptools_ impl.py ", line 422, in run_asgi result = await app( # type: ignore[func-returns-value] ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/uvicorn/middleware/proxy_ headers.py ", line 63, in call return await self.app (scope, receive, send) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/fastapi/ applications.py ", line 1163, in call await super().__call__(scope, receive, send) File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/starlette/ applications.py ", line 90, in call await self.middleware_stack(scope, receive, send) File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/starlette/middleware/ errors.py ", line 186, in call raise exc File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/starlette/middleware/ errors.py ", line 164, in call await self.app (scope, receive, send) File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/gradio/route_ utils.py ", line 761, in call await self.app (scope, receive, send) File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/starlette/middleware/ exceptions.py ", line 63, in call await wrap_app_handling_exceptions( self.app , conn)(scope, receive, send) File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/starlette/_exception_ handler.py ", line 53, in wrapped_app raise exc File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/starlette/_exception_ handler.py ", line 42, in wrapped_app await app(scope, receive, sender) File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/fastapi/middleware/ asyncexitstack.py ", line 18, in call ... File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/jinja2/ utils.py ", line 515, in getitem rv = self._mapping[key] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^ TypeError: unhashable type: 'dict' Output is truncated. View as a scrollable element or open in a text editor. Adjust cell output settings... Running on local URL: http://127.0.0.1:**** ERROR: Exception in ASGI application Traceback (most recent call last): File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/uvicorn/protocols/http/httptools_ impl.py ", line 422, in run_asgi result = await app( # type: ignore[func-returns-value] ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/uvicorn/middleware/proxy_ headers.py ", line 63, in call return await self.app (scope, receive, send) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/fastapi/ applications.py ", line 1163, in call await super().__call__(scope, receive, send) File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/starlette/ applications.py ", line 90, in call await self.middleware_stack(scope, receive, send) File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/starlette/middleware/ errors.py ", line 186, in call raise exc File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/starlette/middleware/ errors.py ", line 164, in call await self.app (scope, receive, send) File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/gradio/route_ utils.py ", line 761, in call await self.app (scope, receive, send) File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/starlette/middleware/ exceptions.py ", line 63, in call await wrap_app_handling_exceptions( self.app , conn)(scope, receive, send) File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/starlette/_exception_ handler.py ", line 53, in wrapped_app raise exc File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/starlette/_exception_ handler.py ", line 42, in wrapped_app await app(scope, receive, sender) File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/fastapi/middleware/ asyncexitstack.py ", line 18, in call ... File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/langchain_env/lib/python3.11/site-packages/jinja2/ utils.py ", line 515, in getitem rv = self._mapping[key] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^ TypeError: unhashable type: 'dict' Output is truncated. View as a scrollable element or open in a text editor. Adjust cell output settings...
강사님께 질문드립니다. 수업을 듣다 문득 이런 생각이 들었습니다. LLM은 엄청난 데이터를 학습했으니, 파인튜닝을 위해 제공한 학습자료가 이미 학습된 자료일 수도 있습니다. 비중에 따라 다를 수 있겠지만, 이럴때는 어떤 결과가 예상되는지 궁금합니다. 또한, 중복된 학습자료임을 LLM이 알고 알려주거나 뱉어낼 수 있는건가요?
선생님 안녕하세요. 영상을 따라하고있었는데 초기에 설치내용이 완전히 사라져있어서 남깁니다. 영상 1:02 부분이고 스크롤 타고내려오면 있어야할게 없고 이미지로 바뀌어있네요. 물론 그 아래 내용도 다릅니다. 대체가 된걸까요? - uv curl로 설치 안하고 해도 되는거죠? : 이제 초반이라 우선 그냥저냥 일단 따라가 볼게요~! [이미지] 깁니다.
보통 RAG를 잘 구축하면 충분히 'AI 에이전트'로서의 역할을 수행할 수 있다고 생각하는데, 실무에서는 어떤 지점에서 파인튜닝을 결합하는 것이 일반적인지 궁금합니다. 단순히 말투를 바꾸거나 특정 도메인 지식을 주입하는 것이 목적이라면 파인튜닝이 필수가 아닌 것 같기도 한데, '파인튜닝을 반드시 수행해야만 하는 결정적인 상황' 은 언제인가요? 혹시 파인튜닝의 높은 비용과 관리 부담을 고려했을 때, 실무에서는 RAG의 검색 품질 개선(하이브리드 검색, 리랭킹 등)을 최우선으로 두고 어느 정도 수준까지 도달했을 때 파인튜닝을 고려하는지, 그 판단 기준이나 우선순위가 궁금합니다.
2.3을 강의를 듣고 실습하였습니다. smith.langchain에서 pull_prompt()가 안되어 https://smith.langchain.com/hub/rlm/rag-document-relevance 에 있는 Docu를 보고 하였지만 되지 않았습니다. 이 부분을 어떻게 하면 될까요?
안녕하세요? 현 강의와 관련 없는 질문해서 죄송합니다. (답변 받는 즉시 지우겠습니다.) 강사님 강의를 모두 수강하고 싶은데... 비용 부담 문제가 있습니다. ㅠㅠ 그래서 혹시... 얼리버드 할인 쿠폰으로 선처를 베푸실 실 수 있으신가요? ㅠ mhcai1st@gmail.com 입니다.