Get ready for the real thing! Master the DevOps interview - Advanced Edition

1. Intro

3. What are pv and pvc in Kubernetes? What do they do?

4. Describe which Python module you would use to create simple API test code. The code should only check whether the API endpoint is working.

5. Describe the following IAM Policy.

6. What is Helm, what version are you using, and what are its advantages?

7. Is it possible to have a Jenkins agent in a Docker container and run tests inside this container?

8. What is a replication controller?

9. What is Vertical scaling and Horizontal scaling and explain their practical use cases?

10. What is remote-exec in Terraform and when can I use it?

11. What does Terraform state lock mean? Is there a practical use case for it?

12. I need to use an agent with at least 1GB RAM for Jenkins. How do I set this up in Jenkins?

13. If you have an application you are supporting, what application server are you using?

15. What is the difference between Git Merge and Git Rebase?

16. What is a solution to detect if an S3 bucket is public, block public access, and change the policy?

17. What solutions are needed to resolve configuration mismatch issues in EC2 Auto Scaling groups?

18. I'm getting an AccessDenied error when downloading an object from an S3 bucket. What should I investigate to determine the cause?

19. When adding EC2 instances to a Node.js web app takes a long time to set up, what is the optimal solution to reduce deployment time and provide high availability and resiliency?

20. What databases have you used or supported?

21. How do I install a specific security package on all my EC2 instances as required by my security team?

22. My EC2 instance is running out of disk space. What steps would you take to resolve this issue?

23. Why are there 3 types of IAM policies? (Managed, Customer Managed, and Inline Policies)

24. Explain the different ways Prometheus collects metrics.

25. What is Kubernetes kOps?

26. What is AWS instance fleet?

27. Why use Helm in K8S?

28. My pod is having volume access error. How can I fix this?

29. How can I configure K8S on AWS?

30. What load balancers does AWS offer? Describe your experience using them.

31. What are the types and advantages of load balancers?

32. How does DevOps differ from Agile methodologies?

33. What is the procedure for analyzing Elasticsearch logs?

34. What is the difference between Canary, Rolling, and Blue/Green deployments?

35. What service should I use to automatically detect and terminate EC2 instances that do not use a specific AMI?

36. What are solutions for performance analysis, bottleneck identification, monitoring, and alerting on AWS Lambda?

37. How do I minimize business disruption and downtime when upgrading my RDS instances to the latest version of MySQL using CloudFormation?

38. My application hosted on EC2 in an Auto Scaling group is not working after the API changed from HTTP to HTTPS. What should I do to resolve this?

39. Please explain how to block an IAM user from accessing a specific S3 bucket.

40. Please explain why it is important to use SonarQube.

41. If you have ever used Jenkins in a multi-node setup, can you explain how to add a new slave to the master?

42. How do you handle incidents in your team? What DevOps best practices have you implemented to do so?

44. Multiple EC2 instances are being terminated in ASG, causing application downtime. How do I debug this if EC2 quota is not an issue?

45. Currently, there are no success or failure notifications for Jenkins jobs, and we are using Slack for internal communication. How would you set up Slack notifications in this case?

46. I have a section in my Ansible playbook that has the potential to fail on a specific node, but I don't want it to stop or terminate the playbook. Is it possible to ignore the failure in that section?

47. Explain how to manage and store Helm charts.

48. I want to run specific pods only on specific nodes. These nodes should be used only for these pods. Is it possible to control pod deployment in this scenario?

49. Assuming we have two servers with different ports and usernames, how can Ansible handle different machines to apply and execute the same runbook?

50. What is the difference between Security Group and Network ACL?

51. What is a cost-effective solution that allows third-party teams to access application logs without SSH, but without PII?

52. What solution would you need to set up automatic DNS failover (DR) in AWS and route traffic to an alternate endpoint with Route 53 in the event of a failure in the ap-northeast-2 region?

53. How do I configure my AWS solution to automatically compile, test, and upload my Maven-based Java application to S3 when my GitHub repository is updated?

54. What steps should I take to recognize and resolve issues when a Jenkins build fails?

55. When I have a Docker image that is 3GB in size, what problems can I run into and how can I solve them?

56. What build tools do you know and which ones do you use in your projects?

57. What are ingress and egress and what are they mainly related to?

58. What is a bastion host or gateway server?

59. What is the difference between a Docker image and a Docker Layer?

60. What are the benefits of using branches in Git?

62. How do I validate a variable in a Terraform Plan step? For example, let's say you use a variable called AMI, you need to make sure that it is in the correct format.

63. Explain CMD and ENTRYPOINT in Docker. Are these two the same or different?

64. If you need to change a machine type that was committed 15 days ago, how would you proceed? Would you modify it directly?

65. Write a Linux script to automatically upload specific logs to S3. Describe the main steps to implement this, and how to set up the script to run at a specific time.

66. The development team needs help monitoring API endpoints. Which HTTP responses should they monitor and when should they trigger alerts?

67. What is a Web Application Firewall (WAF)?

68. What is the difference between Stateless vs Stateful architecture?

69. What is the concept of “Shift Left to Reduce Failures” in DevOps?

71. What is the best solution for DevOps engineers to use for A/B testing via blue/green deployments for development teams?

72. What is the optimal way to collect logs without them being deleted even if Auto Scaling terminates the instance immediately?

73. Wrap-up