While refactoring my code, I noticed that quite a few of the finished codes corresponded to the design patterns you introduced. The code I wrote while contemplating was similar to the content introduced in the lecture, so I understand it better and remember it well. I feel that the code becomes very difficult to read even if the logic is only a little complex. It feels like a myriad of if statements are splitting my brain, and a myriad of for loops are stirring up the split brain... I always think that refactoring is essential in such cases. I highly recommend the design pattern lecture.